Abstract
This study aimed to examine the impact of short-term adiposity change on risk of high blood pressure (HBP), and to assess the low limit range of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) reduction proposed to decrease the HBP risk in children. Children were longitudinally surveyed at baseline and after a short-term follow-up. General obesity (GOB) is categorized by age and gender-specific BMI cut-off points, abdominal obesity (AOB) by WHtR. Logistic regression model was used to estimate relations between adiposity change and HBP risk with adjustment of covariates. A total of 28,288 children (median of baseline age:10 years) were involved with follow-up of 6.88±1.20 months. After the follow-up, 9.4% of the children had persistent general obesity (GOB), 2.8% converted from GOB to non-GOB, 0.9% had newly developed GOB. When compared with children remained non-GOB, children with continuous GOB status, newly developed GOB, converting from GOB to non-GOB had 5.03-fold (95%CI: 4.32~5.86), 3.35-fold (95%CI: 1.99~5.65), 2.72-fold (2.03~3.63) HBP risk, respectively. Similar findings were observed for abdominal obesity (AOB). Reduction of 0.21-0.88 kg/m2 of baseline BMI (0.86-3.59%) or 0.009-0.024 of baseline WHtR (1.66-4.42%) in GOB or AOB children, respectively, was associated with significant decrease in HBP risk. Children with persistent obesity, newly developed obesity, or converting from obese to non-obese had significantly higher HBP risk. For children with GOB or AOB, reduction of <3.6% in BMI or <4.5% in WHtR could decrease the HBP risk.
Highlights
The prevalence and magnitude of pediatric high blood pressure (HBP) increased dramatically in recent years, which poses a heavy burden for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) prevention [1]
We found that children with persistent obesity, newly developed obesity or those converting from obese to non-obese had significantly higher risk of HBP compared with persistent non-obese children no matter for general obesity (GOB) or abdominal obesity (AOB)
We examined GOB and AOB status change among Chinese children in a shortterm follow-up, and the impact of the adiposity status change on BP profiles
Summary
The prevalence and magnitude of pediatric high blood pressure (HBP) increased dramatically in recent years, which poses a heavy burden for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) prevention [1]. As the most important cause of CVDs, HBP composed the largest number of attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in China [2].
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