Abstract
The concern of this study is determine the quality of soil when irrigation used treated water and wastewater in comparison with soil irrigated with tap water on some chemical and physical soil properties. The experiment components were three trials carried out under greenhouse conditions, 10 pots for each trial. The first trial irrigated with tap water, the second trial irrigated by treated water and the third trial irrigated with wastewater. The experiment conducted to study the impact of water types on some soil physical and chemical properties. The experiment included important analysis for water and soil before and after irrigation. The results showed that the values for electrical conductivity (EC) were 0.850, 308 and 324 μs/cm for the treated soil with tap water, treated water and wastewater, respectively. The variation of pH values seems to be approximately constant between the different of water used. The percent of organic matter (OM) in soils receiving treated water and wastewater 4.7% and 5.2% respectively were higher than values in soil treated with tap water 3%. The same trend was in organic carbon (OC) in soils receiving treated water and wastewater 58.5% and 89% respectively, while soil treated with tap water showed the lowest value 27.7%. Soil particle density (SPD) increased significantly in both water treatments were the values was 2 g/cm3 in tap water but increased value 2.8 g/cm3 and 3.3 g/cm3 in treated water and wastewater used respectively. The Bulk Density (BD) values range 1.1 g/cm3 in soil irrigated with tap water 1.5 g/cm3 in soil irrigated with treated water and 1.85 g/cm3 in soil irrigated with treated water. The results of soil analysis before and after planting showed that most of the values increased for the physical and chemical soil properties.
Highlights
The shortage of fresh water resources is an ever-increasing concern worldwide
The results showed that the values for electrical conductivity (EC) were 0.850, 308 and 324 μs/cm for the treated soil with tap water, treated water and wastewater, respectively
After evaluating the data collected from the experiment, it is clear that several types of irrigation e.g., treated water and wastewater play an important role in soil chemical and physical properties even for short time irrigation
Summary
The shortage of fresh water resources is an ever-increasing concern worldwide. In the Middle East and North Africa, the availability of water is reaching critical levels and chronic water stress expected to continue to dominate the region [1] [2], with increasingly high demands for fresh water, sewage being considered as a valuable resource [3]. The use of wastewater for agricultural irrigation has become increasingly common, in water-scarce areas [4] [5] [6] [7]. Due to increasing interest in the use of sewage for irrigation and in light of the possible effects of sewage on agricultural soils and crop production, the influence of effluent irrigation on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil has been well-documented [8] [9] [10]. Sewage irrigation can increase the risk of crop and groundwater pollution [16] [17] and reduce soil quality and the infiltration rate [18]
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