Abstract
e24140 Background: Weight gain and obesity are significant problems for women receiving adjuvant therapy for breast cancer and obesity is associated with adverse breast cancer outcomes. In addition, obesity is associated with negative impact on overall physical and mental health. The GLP-1 agonists, semaglutide (S) and tirzepatide (T), are effective in achieving weight loss and have been associated with decreased incidence of diabetes, stroke and overall mortality in the non-diabetic as well as diabetic populations. There are limited data on the efficacy and safety of GLP1 agonists in women with breast cancer. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the association of S and T use with weight loss in patients with stage I-III breast cancer diagnosed and treated at the Yale Cancer Center/Yale New Haven Health Network between 2017 and 2022. After institutional review board approval, a database including 7149 patients including 92,989 office visits was constructed. Maximal weight loss after S/T prescription as well as mean weight loss were calculated. S and T treated patient’s stage distribution and rates of recurrence were compared to untreated patients. For patients without metastatic disease, repeated measures regression analysis was utilized to evaluate changes in weight and BMI. Results: Of the 5430 evaluable patients with non-metastatic disease, 70 (1.3%) were prescribed S or T. Mean age was 58 (41-78). 74% received endocrine therapy. Mean pretreatment weight was 95.8 kg and BMI was 35.9 kg/m2. Mean weight loss for S/T treated patients was 3.03 kg (3.9-2.13, p < .0001) corresponding to reduction in BMI of 1.1 kg/m2 (0.7-1.5 p < .0001). We also calculated maximal weight loss after S/T prescription. Mean maximal weight loss was 8.89 kg (6.71-10.98 P < .0001) corresponding to a mean maximal reduction in BMI of 3.2 kg/m2 (2.3-4.2 P < .0001). Rates of local, locoregional, and distant breast cancer recurrence were 1.5%, 0%, 1.5% in the S/T treated patients and 1.3%, 4.7% and 3.3% in the untreated patients. None of these differences were statistically significant. Conclusions: In this retrospective analysis, GLP-1 agonist are associated with clinically meaningful weight loss in overweight and obese women with early breast cancer. Recurrence risk did not appear to be preliminarily impacted by treatment. Additional research is needed on long term safety as well as weight loss maintenance with these drugs in breast cancer survivors.
Published Version
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