Abstract
Removable partial denture prostheses are still being used for anatomic, medical and economic reasons. However, the impact on chewing parameters is poorly described.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to estimate the impact of removable partial denture prosthesis on masticatory parameters.Material and MethodsNineteen removable partial denture prosthesis (RPDP) wearers participated in the study. Among them, 10 subjects were Kennedy Class III partially edentulous and 9 with posterior edentulism (Class I). All presented a complete and full dentate opposing arch. The subjects chewed samples of carrots and peanuts with and without their prosthesis. The granulometry of the expectorated boluses from carrot and peanuts was characterized by median particle size (D50), determined at the natural point of swallowing. Number of chewing cycles (CC), chewing time (CT) and chewing frequency (CF=CC/CT) were video recorded.ResultsWith RPDP, the mean D50 values for carrot and peanuts were lower [Repeated Model Procedures (RMP), F=15, p<0.001] regardless of the type of Kennedy Class. For each food, mean CC, CT and CF values recorded decreased (RMP, F=18, F=9, and F=20 respectively, p<0.01). With or without RPD, the boluses' granulometry values were above the masticatory normative index (MNI) determined as 4,000 µm.ConclusionRPDP rehabilitation improves the ability to reduce the bolus particle size, but does not reestablish fully the masticatory function.Clinical relevanceThis study encourages the clinical improvement of oral rehabilitation procedure.
Highlights
According to some studies, dentists often overestimate the functional consequences of edentulous areas
Bolus granulometry With removable partial denture prosthesis (RPDP), the mean D50s were significantly decreased for carrot and peanuts (RMP, F=15, p
When comparing mean values of CC, chewing time (CT), and Chewing frequency (CF), controlling for subject with or without RPDP, significant decreases in CC, CT and CF mean values were shown (RMP procedure, F=18 for CC, F=9 for CT, and F=20 for CF; p
Summary
Dentists often overestimate the functional consequences of edentulous areas. According to Käyser, 12 anterior teeth and 8 premolars would be necessary and sufficient to ensure the mandibular stability required for secure deglutition without aspiration, provided that these teeth are efficient. Increasing the masticatory surface is not the only argument for absent tooth replacement: esthetics and wedging of opposing and neighboring teeth are important, and reasons that lead both patients and practitioners to replace missing teeth. It raises the question about preserving the integrity of temporomandibular joints
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