Impact of Radiation on Rice Calli and Subsequent In vitro Regeneration

Abstract

Aromatic rice has high commercial importance with greater economic return. Among the aromatic rice varieties, Kataribhog is a famous local variety that is mostly cultivated in the Dinajpur district northern part of Bangladesh. The yield performance of Kataribhog is lower (<2.50 t/ha) and has shown lodging tendency. Under these circumstances, a research program was taken to improve the existing problem through in vitro culture including nuclear irradiation techniques. Gamma irradiation (Co60) is a powerful tool in crop improvement, and its effects on callus development from kataribhog rice were explored in this research. Three types of media, PT-100G, PT-011G, and PT-100, were utilized to induce callus, which were then subjected to three different doses of radiation (10Gy, 12Gy, and 15Gy). Among the tested media, PT-100G was the most effective, boasting an impressive average of Callus initiation of 79.27% and embryogenic callus induction percentage of 32.93%. In contrast, PT-011G and PT-100 lagged with 52.46% and 44.44% callus initiation; 27.87% and 11.11% embryogenic callus induction, respectively. The radiation dose of 10 Gy was optimal for calli survival, showing an average percentage of 80.00%. 10 Gy is the most effective dose for promoting plant regeneration.