Abstract
We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies to determine the effect of probiotic administration on serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. We searched PubMed-Medline, Web of Science, the Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases (until May 2016) to identify prospective studies evaluating the impact of probiotic administration on CRP. We used a random effects models and generic inverse variance methods to synthesize quantitative data, followed by a leave-one-out method for sensitivity analysis. The systematic review registration number was: CRD42016039457. From a total of 425 entries identified via searches, 20 studies were included in the final analysis. The meta-analysis indicated a significant reduction in serum CRP following probiotic administration with a weighted mean difference (WMD) of −1.35 mg/L, (95% confidence interval (CI) −2.15 to −0.55, I2 65.1%). The WMDs for interleukin 10 (IL10) was −1.65 pg/dL, (95% CI −3.45 to 0.14, I2 3.1%), and −0.45 pg/mL, (95% CI −1.38 to 0.48, I2 10.2%) for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). These findings were robust in sensitivity analyses. This meta-analysis suggests that probiotic administration may significantly reduce serum CRP while having no significant effect on serum IL10 and TNF-α.
Highlights
Probiotics have been described as ‘live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, have a health benefit on the host’ [1,2] through their impact on the intestinal tract.Probiotics are extensively consumed in the form of fermented milk products such as yogurt or as a freeze-dried culture [3,4,5]
Studies suggest the consumption of probiotic yogurt containing L. acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis in pregnant women for nine weeks led to a reduction in serum high sensitivity-C-reactive protein (CRP) as the same probiotic supplementation in colorectal cancer, autoimmune, and chronic kidney disease [21,22,23]
We evaluated the impact of probiotics on interleukin 10 (IL10), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL1β), serum triglycerides (TG), serum total cholesterol (TC), serum high density lipoproteins (HDL), serum low density lipoproteins (LDL), and fasting blood glucose (FBG)
Summary
Probiotics have been described as ‘live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, have a health benefit on the host’ [1,2] through their impact on the intestinal tract.Probiotics are extensively consumed in the form of fermented milk products such as yogurt or as a freeze-dried culture [3,4,5]. It is suggested that probiotics improve the balance of gut microbiota in favor of the healthy bacteria but are helpful in either preventing or improving the outcomes of a number of health conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [6,7]. Studies suggest the consumption of probiotic yogurt containing L. acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis in pregnant women for nine weeks led to a reduction in serum high sensitivity (hs)-CRP as the same probiotic supplementation in colorectal cancer, autoimmune, and chronic kidney disease [21,22,23]. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Asemi Z, 2011 [40] 35 (100%)
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