Abstract
BackgroundMalocclusion is a condition frequently seen in primary dentition due to the interaction of environmental, genetic and behavioural factors. The occurrence of some types of malocclusions can have an impact on oral health-related quality of life in children. Hence, the present study aimed to verify the impact of primary dentition malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life in preschool children.MethodsA population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Florianopolis, Brazil, with a representative sample of 1050 preschoolers aged between 2 and 5 years, randomly selected. Parents answered the Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale and also to a questionnaire on socio-economic indicators. Data obtained from the questionnaire were obtained by item response theory based on model of gradual response. The malocclusion assessed was: anterior open bite, increased overjet and posterior crossbite. Poisson regression model was employed for multivariate analysis (P < 0.05).ResultsMalocclusion was observed in 36.7% of the children. Of these, 11.4% were anterior open bite, 67.2% were increased overjet, and 21.4% were posterior crossbite. Malocclusion's impact on oral health-related quality of life was 28.6%. In children aged 4–5 years, the prevalence of malocclusion’s impact on quality of life was 49.5% higher than in children aged 2–3 years. Statistical analysis showed that preschool children with malocclusion showed no significant impact on quality of life.ConclusionsThe findings of the present study indicate that the occurrence of primary dentition malocclusion has no impact on the quality of life of children aged 2–5 years.
Highlights
Malocclusion is a condition frequently seen in primary dentition due to the interaction of environmental, genetic and behavioural factors
It is known that the occurrence of some types of malocclusions frequently observed in children, such as anterior open bite, increased overjet and posterior crossbite, can produce functional and aesthetic effects that affect quality of life [1, 6, 11, 12]
The socio-economic questionnaire with information about family income, parental education, prematurity and low birth weight had a low rate of return to researchers, which resulted in a lower response rate
Summary
Malocclusion is a condition frequently seen in primary dentition due to the interaction of environmental, genetic and behavioural factors. The occurrence of some types of malocclusions can have an impact on oral health-related quality of life in children. The present study aimed to verify the impact of primary dentition malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life in preschool children. The concept of OHRQoL is highly individual and involves the Dental anomalies cause functional, occlusal and aesthetic problems that can result in oral health impairment [6]. The treatment is different from other conditions involving an orthodontic procedure to stabilize the occlusion [10]. It is known that the occurrence of some types of malocclusions frequently observed in children, such as anterior open bite, increased overjet and posterior crossbite, can produce functional and aesthetic effects that affect quality of life [1, 6, 11, 12]
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