Abstract
BackgroundOral microbiome has significant impact on both oral and general health. Polyols have been promoted as sugar substitutes in prevention of oral diseases. We aimed to reveal the effect of candies containing erythritol, xylitol or control (sorbitol) on salivary microbiome.MethodsNinety children (11.3 ± 0.6 years) consumed candies during 3 years. Microbial communities were profiled using Illumina HiSeq 2000 sequencing and real-time PCR.ResultsThe dominant phyla in saliva were Firmicutes (39.1%), Proteobacteria (26.1%), Bacteroidetes (14.7%), Actinobacteria (12%) and Fusobacteria (6%). The microbiome of erythritol group significantly differed from that of the other groups. Both erythritol and xylitol reduced the number of observed bacterial phylotypes in comparison to the control group. The relative abundance of the genera Veillonella, Streptococcus and Fusobacterium were higher while that of Bergeyella lower after erythritol intervention when comparing with control. The lowest prevalence of caries-related mutans streptococci corresponded with the lowest clinical caries markers in the erythritol group.ConclusionsDaily consumption of erythritol, xylitol or control candies has a specific influence on the salivary microbiome composition in schoolchildren. Erythritol is associated with the lowest prevalence of caries-related mutans streptococci and the lowest levels of clinical caries experience.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01062633.
Highlights
Oral microbiome has significant impact on both oral and general health
At the end of the trial, the values of DMFT and DMFS in the subgroup of 90 schoolchildren were significantly lower in the erythritol group versus the sorbitol group (Table 1)
Daily erythritol consumption showed differentiating effects on the salivary microbiome composition in schoolchildren when compared to xylitol or sorbitol, while the impact of xylitol and sorbitol on the bacterial community was similar
Summary
Oral microbiome has significant impact on both oral and general health. The oral microbiome is comprised of around 700 to 1000 microbial species according to the studies using high-throughput technology and has significant impact on both the oral and general health [1,2,3]. High diversity between individuals has been revealed, a significant proportion of bacterial sequences of healthy individuals are identical [4,5,6,7]. The study of Ling et al [8] has shown that the salivary microbiome in healthy children is more diverse compared to adults. Dental caries is associated with an increase in the proportion of acidogenic and aciduric bacteria, especially mutans streptococci. At the same time the imbalance between the oral bacteria that involves suboptimal low levels of streptococci and high levels of anaerobic and Štšepetova et al BMC Oral Health (2019) 19:60
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