Impact of phloem girdling on leaf gas exchange and hydraulic conductance in hybrid aspen

Abstract

We investigated phloem-xylem interactions in relation to leaf hydraulic capacity in hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. × P. tremuloides Michx.) by using phloem girdling method. Removal of bark tissues (phloem girdling) at the branch base resulted in a substantial decline in stomatal conductance (gS), net photosynthetic rate (PN), and leaf hydraulic efficiency, and in increase of leaf water potential (ΨL). Although gS declined more than PN (83 versus 78 %), the ratio of intercellular to ambient CO2 concentrations (ci/ca) increased from 0.67 to 0.87 in three days after girdling. Girdling induced a decrease in leaf hydraulic conductance (KL) on average by 43 % (P = 0.006). The changes in gS and leaf conductance to water vapour were co-ordinated with KL only in girdled branches whereas intrinsic water-use efficiency was invariant to KL. The declines in KL with girdling were not accompanied by changes in potassium ion concentration ([K+]), electrical conductivity, or pH of xylem sap. The results suggest that phloem girdling at the branch base does not influence the recirculation of ions between the phloem and xylem in hybrid aspen and the decrease of KL in response to the manipulation is not related to changes in [K+] and total ionic content of xylem sap.