Abstract
PurposeThe quality of life (QoL) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a measure of the successful outcomes of therapy. The program of management of chronic diseases “Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis” (Prolanis) among patients with hypertension and T2DM is a new strategy of the Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS), which is the Indonesian national health insurance system. Here, we analyzed the impact of pharmacist counseling interventions on health-related QoL (HRQoL) in Prolanis T2DM patients.MethodsThis cluster randomized controlled trial was designed to include two groups [control (n = 111) and intervention (n = 109) groups], and pre- and post-test procedures. The participants were Prolanis T2DM patients who attended four primary health-care centers (Puskesmas) in Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia from August 2017 to August 2018. The intervention group received systematic counseling for 6 months. The data were collected using the Bahasa Indonesia version of the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 5 Levels (EQ-5D-5 L) questionnaire and were analyzed using EQ-5D preference weight for each health state with the Indonesian EQ-5D-5 L value Set. Furthermore, the EQ-5D index and the EQ-5D VAS score were calculated and HbA1c levels were assessed.ResultsThe change in the EQ-5D-5 L index score (post-pre) was 0.01 in the control group and 0.04 in the intervention group (P = 0.041). The change in the VAS score was −0.07in the control group (post-pre) and 2.66 in the intervention group (P = 0.000).ConclusionPharmacist counseling may help improve the HRQoL of Prolanis T2DM patients.
Highlights
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor-Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia 4 Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor-Sumedang, West Java, IndonesiaThe number of people with diabetes worldwide is expected to increase to 592 million in 2035 [1]
The final number of patients who met the requirements for analysis was 220: 111 patients were assigned to the control group and 109 were assigned to the intervention group
There was a significant difference in the level of education between the control and the intervention groups (P = 0.039), which may be attributed to the geographical location of the Puskesmas; individuals in the control group resided relatively closer to the city center and had relatively higher education than intervention group
Summary
The number of people with diabetes worldwide is expected to increase to 592 million in 2035 [1]. Indonesia is the sixth-ranked country in the world, after China, India, the United States, Brazil, and Mexico, regarding the number of people with diabetes aged 20–79 years (~10.3 million people) [2]. The Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS), Ministry of Health, Indonesia reports a significant increase in the prevalence of diabetes, from 6.9% in 2013 to 8.5% in 2018. This agency estimated that more than 16 million people have diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in Indonesia [3]
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