Abstract
In recent decades there has been an increase of criminal behavior by women, which is due to social rather than individual change. Feminist analysis points to the existence of an androcentric and patriarchal order, which through the practices of subjectification, builds the identity of the subjects. These practices have been shaped by close affective bonds, including couple bounds, who in turn have constructed them as criminals. Ninety-four women were interviewed in six prisons in four countries. Their life stories were analyzed through Atlas.ti. Affective bonds with the partner and gender violence are the two main categories of analysis. It was found that the affective bonds with the partner that included violent behavior can be a factor leading these women towards crime. The findings suggest that the women were imprisoned, before entering prison, in violent relationships that held them, configuring their subjectivity. The violent partner bonds and female delinquency associated with them are the product of a patriarchal society that does not see a difference between being a victim or being criminal.
Highlights
One of the international problems addressed in recent times is female delinquency, which corresponds to a social rather than individual situation; this is a topic that several authors have addressed in the last 30 years from different perspectives (Nielsen 2016; González et al 2016; Azaola and Yacamán 1996), reflecting the impact that other people have on the construction of the subjectivity of women as criminals
The important finding has been the way women construct themselves, in their own words, as perceived in their multiple roles, and the way in which they believe that others perceive them; the latter should not be decisive, it ended up being a transversal axis in the majority of studies
The life stories of these women allow us to identify and understand the facilitating factors of female crime and the protective factors that lead to withdrawal
Summary
One of the international problems addressed in recent times is female delinquency, which corresponds to a social rather than individual situation; this is a topic that several authors have addressed in the last 30 years from different perspectives (Nielsen 2016; González et al 2016; Azaola and Yacamán 1996), reflecting the impact that other people have on the construction of the subjectivity of women as criminals. Other authors talk about the psychosocial dynamics that permeate the interior of the prison (Reidl 1976; Le Breton 1990; Rodríguez et al 2006; Ordóñez 2006; Calveiro 2010). There are those who have dealt with issues, such as health, intelligence, exposure to economic pressure, and an unfavorable family environment, which characterize incarcerated women (Galván et al 2006; Azaola and Yacamán 1996). Those findings offer important nuances to understand crime committed by women. The ways in which women commit crimes, the specificity of female delinquency, the personal characteristics of delinquent women, and the causal factors that distinguish this group of women from other criminal groups have been researched by Martínez et
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