Abstract
The whole research paper examines the impact of ozone as either a just use-alone and coagulation benefit, mainly upon the reduction of dissolved organic carbon from the water with a moderate rate of DOC 10.75 mg/land CaCO3 calcium hardness 300 mg/l. A raw water sample has been taken from the Tigris River (Baghdad, Iraq) was being adopted in research work. The performance of ozone therapy has been assessed by calculations of DOC, DOC quantities, UV254, as well as total trihalomethane (TTHM). Research findings have shown that with 0.9 mg O3/mg DOC ozone use-alone, approximately 60% UV254 reduction and approximately 28% DOC reduction will occur.DOC fractionation analysis indicates that within the water samples, ozone could alter the composition of DOC, transform the hydrophobic fractions toward hydrophilic fractions and reduce TTHM. Ozone was also responsible for a significant reduction in particle stability as well as the dissolved calcium content. Improved water flocculation and improved DOC removal were triggered by these simultaneous ozonation effects. This resulted in a decrease in the coagulant dosage while the dosage of ozone is considerably higher over 0.3 mg O3/mg DOC has added before ferric sulfate coagulation. The pre-ozonation coagulation method also accomplished favorable removal of TTHM with all tested ozone doses (0 to 0.9 mg O3/mg DOC), resulting in lower TTHM during pre-ozonated coagulated waters unlike those through related ozonated waters.
Highlights
Existing compliance disinfection standards (DBPs), like trihalomethanes, have been enabled water purification plants to enhance the elimination of NOM
The efficacy of ozonation was being analyzed by dissolved organic carbon calculation, (UV254), DOC fractions, and trihalomethane to differentiate the technique of ozone effects
The lowest concentration of hydrophobic base fraction was in this source water (1.7%) which is consistent with earlier studies having lower hydrophobic base concentrations in much natural water [15, 19]
Summary
Existing compliance disinfection standards (DBPs), like trihalomethanes, have been enabled water purification plants to enhance the elimination of NOM. Large concentrations of the sampled waters were found in the hydrophobic acid fraction (HPOA) containing mainly humic substances in this DOC fraction. Removing the humic portion seems to be the main factor for lowering amount of chlorine disinfection by-products in purified water. The precursor THMs can be extracted from water by different physical and chemical processes, like coagulation/ flocculation, advanced oxidation, adsorption, activated carbon, ion-exchange as well as biological degradation. Water DOC can often not be reduced to small concentrations to prevent THMs from forming through coagulation [3]. To ensure maximum the removal of DOC through coagulation, pH adjustment was needed; this would be very expensive for waters with high pH and alkalinity [4]. The goals from this research are: To research the influence of ozone throughout this particular source of water on DOC and various fractions of DOC
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