Abstract
ObjectivesThe aim was to evaluate the effects of orally administered Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 (BB-12) on the number of salivary mutans streptococci (MS), amount of plaque, gingival inflammation and the oral microbiota in healthy young adults.Materials and methodsThe study was a randomised, controlled, double-blind trial. Healthy volunteers used lozenges containing a combination of LGG and BB-12 (test group, n = 29) or lozenges without added probiotics (control group, n = 31) for 4 weeks. At baseline and at the end of the test period, the plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) were determined, and stimulated saliva was collected. The microbial composition of saliva was assessed using human oral microbe identification microarray (n = 30). MS and lactobacilli (LB) were plate cultured.ResultsThe probiotic lozenge decreased both PI and GI (p < 0.05) while no changes were observed in the control group. However, no probiotic-induced changes were found in the microbial compositions of saliva in either group.ConclusionsThe probiotic lozenge improved the periodontal status without affecting the oral microbiota.Clinical relevanceShort-term consumption of LGG and BB-12 decreased the amount of plaque which was associated with a clinical impact: a decrease in gingival inflammation.
Highlights
Recent studies have demonstrated the health impact of specific probiotic bacteria for humans and several recommendations for probiotic use have appeared
The probiotic lozenge decreased both plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) (p
The probiotic lozenge improved the periodontal status without affecting the oral microbiota
Summary
Recent studies have demonstrated the health impact of specific probiotic bacteria for humans and several recommendations for probiotic use have appeared. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) has been reported to be effective in preventing and treating rotavirus diarrhea, atopic eczema and upper respiratory infections [1,2,3]. The combination of these two probiotics appears to possess additional efficacy in prevention and treatment of allergic disorders, acute respiratory infections and acute otitis media [6,7,8]. The stability of probiotics has been reported to be improved by enhancing the tolerance to processing conditions, and both L. rhamnosus GG and B. lactis could be improved without altering their basic probiotic properties [9, 10]
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