Abstract
Total sea level changes from space radar altimetry are mainly decomposed into two contributions of mass addition and volume expansion of oceans, measured by GRACE space gravimeter and Argo float array, respectively. However, the averages of altimetry, mass, and steric sea level changes have been usually examined over the respective data domains, which are different to one another. Errors arise from this area inconsistency is rarely discussed in the previous studies. Here in this study, an alternative definition of ocean domain is applied for examining sea level budgets, and the results are compared with estimates from different ocean areas. It shows that the impact of area inconsistency is estimated by about 0.3 mm/yr of global trend difference, and averages based on a consistent ocean area yield a closer agreement between altimetry and mass + steric in trend. This contribution would explain some discordances of past sea level budget studies.
Highlights
Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) altimetry data; the coverage is similar but not equal to other altimetry domains provided from Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Climate Change Initiative (CCI), and Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)
Argo steric, and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) Mascon solutions, this study examines sea level budgets using two different definitions for the ocean domain
Following a conventional method attempted in the previous studies, one evaluates mean values over oceans individually defined in altimetry, Argo, and GRACE data sets, recognizing that the domains are considerably different from each other
Summary
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