Abstract
In this study grape pomace was ensilaged without and with the addition of NPN substances (Benural) at the dose of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% of the amount of husk and with the addition of inoculant based on homo and hetero fermentative lactic acid bacteria. The greatest effect on the nutritional value had application of Benural, especially in increasing the CP content from 126.9 to 178.3 g kg-1DM, an increase of over 40%. Application of Benural increased the ammonia and soluble nitrogen several times, but even with the maximum addition of Benural percentage of ammonia nitrogen in the total nitrogen reached only slightly above 5% NH3-N/? N (5.38%), while the percentage of soluble nitrogen in total nitrogen was 28.29%. The application of inoculants generally had no significant impact, both on the chemical composition and the fermentation process.
Highlights
By-products are generally characterized by high water content, rapid fermentation and easy spoilage
The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of ensiling grape pomace with the addition of different doses of NPN substances and inoculants based on lactic acid bacteria, and to determine detailed chemical composition and nutritive value of silage
crude fiber (CF) level is above 300 g kg-1DM, and the concentration of NDF and ADF was high at 650 g kg-1 dry matter content (DM) and 590 g kg-1 DM, respectively (Table 1)
Summary
By-products are generally characterized by high water content, rapid fermentation and easy spoilage. Grape pomace is the residue after pressing grapes and juice extraction and consists mainly of epidermis, seeds, fruit and insoluble parts of the rest of the juice. Nutrient content of grape pomace is variable and depends on the grape variety, processing technology, the climate and soil conditions of production. For feeding of ruminants grape pomace can be used fresh, dried and ensiled. The use of fresh pomace for animal feeding in the long run is not possible due to rapid fermentation and spoilage. Dried grape pomace has been used in ruminant nutrition especially in fattening cattle (Nikolić et al, 1980, Zeremski, 1982, Stojanović et al, 1989), but today it is not profitable since energy required for drying is too expensive. Ensilage of grape pomace is the best solution today
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