Impact of Nocturnal Polyuria and Sleep Quality in Kidney Transplant Recipients With Nocturia

Abstract

BackgroundTo investigate the quality of life (QOL) of patients with nocturia after kidney transplantation (KT) and the association between nocturnal polyuria and sleep quality. MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, a patient who consented was evaluated using the following items: international prostate symptom QOL score, nocturia-quality of life score, overactive bladder symptom score, Pittsburgh sleep quality index, bladder diary, uroflowmetry, and bioimpedance analysis. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained from medical charts. ResultsForty-three patients were included in the analysis. Approximately 25% of patients urinated once at night, and 58.1% had nocturia twice. Nocturnal polyuria was observed in 86.0% of patients, and overactive bladder was observed in 23.3% of patients. According to the Pittsburgh sleep quality Index, 34.9% of patients had poor sleep quality. Multivariate analysis revealed that patients with nocturnal polyuria tended to have a high estimated glomerular filtration rate (P = .058). On the other hand, multivariate analysis for poor sleep quality revealed that high body fat percentage and low nocturia-quality of life total score were independently correlated factors (P = .008 and P = .012, respectively). Furthermore, the patients with nocturia ≥3/night were significantly older than those with nocturia ≤2/night (P = .022). ConclusionNocturnal polyuria, poor sleep quality, and aging may decrease the QOL of patients with nocturia after KT. Further investigations, including optimal water intake and interventions, can lead to better management after KT.