Impact of Neurovascular Comorbidities and Complications on Outcomes After Procedural Management of Intracranial Aneurysm: Part 2, Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysm

Abstract

We aim to define the dynamic interplay between neurovascular-specific comorbidities and in-hospital complications on outcomes (functional outcome and mortality), length of stay (LOS), and cost of hospital stay. The 2012-2015 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was queried for intracranial aneurysm treatment after subarachnoid hemorrhage using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes. Neurovascular comorbidity index (NCI) was aggregated. NIS-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Severity Score (NIS-SSS) was used as a Hunt-Hess grade proxy. In-hospital complications were medical complications, surgical complications, seizures, and cerebral vasospasm. Outcomes were functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS]-equivalent measure), in-hospital mortality, LOS, and cost. Multivariable logistic regression models were built for mRS equivalent and in-hospital mortality. Multivariable linear regression models in log scale were built for LOS and cost. A total of 5353 patients were included. The median NCI was 4.00 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.00-7.00) and 2882 patients (54%) had in-hospital complication. Higher NCI (odds ratio [OR], 1.13 if NCI= 1; OR, 2.05 if NCI= 7; P < 0.001) was associated with any complication, seizure (OR, 1.11, NCI= 1; OR, 1.60, NCI= 7; P < 0.001), medical complication (OR, 1.18, NCI= 1; OR, 2.50, NCI= 7; P < 0.001), surgical complication (OR, 1.13, NCI= 1; OR, 1.91, NCI= 7; P < 0.001), and cerebral vasospasm (OR, 1.09, NCI= 1; OR, 1.49, NCI= 7; P < 0.001). Patients with higher NCI (OR, 1.06, NCI= 1; OR, 1.95, NCI= 7; P < 0.001) or with in-hospital complication (P < 0.001) had poorer mRS equivalent outcome. Similar trends were observed for other outcomes including in-hospital mortality, LOS, and cost. Neurovascular comorbidities are the primary driver of poor mRS equivalent outcome, in-hospital mortality, higher LOS, and higher cost after ruptured intracranial aneurysm procedural treatment. The conditional event of complication influences patients with moderate comorbidities more so than those with low or high comorbidities.