Impact of nanoparticle shape on entropy production of nanofluid over permeable MHD stretching sheet at quadratic velocity and viscous dissipation

Abstract

The goal of this study was to determine the effect that NP shape has on the entropy produced by Al2O3−H2O nanofluid across a permeable MHD stretching sheet under the conditions of quadratic velocity, thermal radiation, and viscous dissipation. H2O is the cold fluid, while Al2O3−H2O nanofluid, which includes five various NP forms (oblate spheroid, platelet, blade, brick, and cylinder), is the hot fluid. Nanofluid containing Al2O3−H2O sees widespread use in industrial production because of its remarkable capacity to boost heat transfer. Via a sequence of similarity transformations, the controlling PDEs are converted into a nonlinear differential system of linked ODEs. An efficient implementation of the Runge-Kutta method for getting numerical solutions may be found in the code, which is written in MATLAB. As the φ grows from 0% to 2% or from 0% to 4%, the wall shear stress rises by roughly 6.3% and 12.6%, respectively, in the area that is behind the stretched sheet. Including the magnetic effect in the boundary layer flow at a rate of around 5%, the rate of convective heat transfer increases by about 16.4%. In comparison to nanofluids containing brick-, blade-, cylinder-, and platelet-shaped NPs, the Os-shaped NP nanofluid experiences a greater increase in thermal entropy on the cold fluid side.