Impact of multiple doses of vaccination on epidemiological spread in multiple networks

Abstract

Epidemic spread is frequently accompanied by the diffusion of information, prompting individuals to adopt preventive measures, including home quarantine, vaccination, and wearing masks. The interplay spreading processes present significant challenges in studying the mechanisms of epidemic infectious diseases and the prevention and control of public health emergencies. Therefore, this paper incorporates the impact of government encouragement of multiple doses of vaccination on the evolutionary process of epidemic propagation, and investigates the interplay between the epidemic spreading and the diffusion of awareness in multiplex networks. The microscopic Markov chain approach is utilized to derive evolutionary equations for various states and capture an epidemic spread threshold, they are consistent with simulation results. Numerical results indicate that intensifying vaccination efforts and enhancing vaccine efficacy can effectively mitigate the magnitude of epidemic spreading and delay the disease outbreak threshold. It is worth noting that receiving multiple vaccine doses significantly reduces the magnitude of epidemic spreading compared to receiving a single dose. Therefore, increasing vaccine coverage, enhancing vaccine efficacy, and administering multiple vaccine doses can effectively mitigate the spread of epidemics in real-world scenarios.