Abstract
The influence of modifier oxides (TiO2, ZnO, BaO, and PbO) on the mechanical and radiation shielding properties of boro-tellurate glasses is investigated. Samples with a composition of B2O3-SrO-TeO2-RO (RO represents the modifier oxides) were fabricated using the melt quench method, and their physical, mechanical, and radiation attenuation parameters were reported. For this aim, Monte Carlo simulation was employed to predict the radiation attenuation parameters, while the Makishima-Mackenzie model was adopted to determine the mechanical properties. The tightly packed structure with better cross-linkage density is possessed by the Ti-containing glass (SBT-Ti) system among the titled glass batch. The higher Poisson and micro-hardness values of the SBT-Ti glass indicate its structure’s reduced free volume and better compactness. For the glass with PbO, the linear and mass attenuation coefficients are highly increased compared to those glasses doped with TiO2, ZnO, and BaO. The thinner half-value layer was reported at 0.015 MeV, taking values 0.006, 0.005, 0.004, and 0.002 for samples with TiO2, ZnO, BaO, and PbO, respectively. SBT-Pb sample (with PbO) has a thinner HVL compared to other fabricated glass samples. The fabricated glasses’ thickness (Deq) equivalent to 1 cm of lead (Pb) was reported. The results demonstrated that Deq is high at low energy and equals 11.62, 8.81, 7.61, 4.56 cm for SBT-Ti, SBT-Zn, SBT-Ba, and SBT-Pb glass samples, respectively. According to the Deq results, the fabricated glasses have a shielding capacity between 30 and 43% compared to the pure Pb at gamma-ray energy of 1.5 MeV. At high energy (8 MeV), the transmission factor values for a thickness of 1 cm of the fabricated samples reach 88.68, 87.83, 85.95, and 83.11% for glasses SBT-Ti, SBT-Zn, SBT-Ba, and SBT-Pb, respectively.
Highlights
Reasoned from industrialization, a ton of energy is delivered due to the increase in nuclear power plants
To have the protecting properties, it is in every case great to pick a host with heavy metal oxides (HMO) [11]
The oxides were purchased from different company: strontium oxide (SrO) (99.9%), TeO2 (98%), B2 O3 (98%), barium oxide (BaO) (99%) and (PbO) Aldrich, and Zinc oxide (ZnO) (99.9%) WINLAB, while TiO2 (98%) from BDH
Summary
Reasoned from industrialization, a ton of energy is delivered due to the increase in nuclear power plants. Among the few glasses framing oxides, there is a broad measure of revenue in the choice of borate-based glass as the host lattice for the radiation protecting applications due to their surprising physical, mechanical, structural, and optical properties like transparency, lower dissolving temperature, and higher dielectric constant regardless of the way that they have more considerable phonon energy [15,16]. It is more fascinating because of its unconventional “boron anomaly” conduct.
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