Abstract
BackgroundA direct association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and sperm production/function has been proposed. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to determine the impact of MetS on sperm survival. Men from infertile couples treated at Hue University Hospital, Vietnam, were enrolled in this study, which spanned the October 2018 to October 2020 period. The general characteristics of the patients, including body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), the levels of different biochemicals, and semen parameters were determined, and sperm survival tests (SSTs) were performed. The modified National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III for the Asian population was used for MetS diagnosis.ResultsMen with an abnormal waist circumference (≥ 90 cm) showed a higher rate of abnormal SST results (30.1% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.012). The frequency of abnormal SST results in patients with MetS (72.3%) was significantly higher than that in individuals without MetS (53.4%) (p = 0.02). Furthermore, the percentage of abnormal SST results in patients with MetS and with BMI ≥ 23 was significantly higher than those in individuals without MetS (77.1% vs. 55.2%, p = 0.03). Weak negative correlations were also observed between the patients’ age and the SST results.ConclusionSperm viability was lower in men with MetS. We also observed that age and BMI were independent factors associated with abnormal SST.
Highlights
A direct association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and sperm production/function has been proposed
According to the US National Cholesterol Education Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III), MetS in men is diagnosed in individuals showing more than three of the following criteria: waist circumference ≥ 102 cm, blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg, HDL < 40 mg/dL, triglycerides ≥150 mg/ dL, and fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dL [2]; Notably, the ATP III waist circumference (WC) criterion has been adjusted for the Asian population to ≥ 90 cm in men [3]
The selection criteria in this study included men of infertile couples according to World health organization (WHO) (2010) standards [16]; only men that accepted to be subjected to anthropometry, biochemical assays, and semen analysis were enrolled
Summary
A direct association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and sperm production/function has been proposed In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to determine the impact of MetS on sperm survival. Male fertility is often determined based on the quality of spermatozoa In this regard, the sperm survival test (SST), which was first mentioned in a study by Fuse in 1990, has as objective to establish a new screening test for sperm fertility potential, has been suggested. The SST results are considered normal when the ratio of progressing spermatozoa after 24 h of incubation per initial density of progressing spermatozoa is ≥ 50% [5, 6] In line with these results, the efficacy of the SST in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) was estimated to be 0.71, which is better than that corresponding to the conventional sperm fertilization method. Many more studies have reported the predictive power of SST after 24 h based on fertilization outcomes [8, 9], highlighting this test as a clear indicator of male fertility
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