Impact of long term cyclamate and saccharin consumption on biochemical parameters in healthy individuals and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Abstract

The current study evaluated the effect of chronic consumption of saccharin and cyclamate on biochemical parameters in healthy individuals and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Healthy and diabetic participants were classified into 2 groups based on whether they consumed sweeteners or not. The volunteers were also classified according to the amount of sweetener consumed per day (<5, 5-10, and >10 tablets) and according to the duration of sweetener consumption (<5, 5-10 and >10 years). The parameters measured were antioxidant parameters - serum catalase activity and serum peroxynitrite as well as pro-oxidant parameters - serum ceruloplasmin and the oxidation product - malondialdehyde. Glycated hemoglobin, fasting serum glucose, serum creatinine, alanine transaminase activity and lipid profile were also evaluated. Results: Saccharin and cyclamate increased levels of HbA1C, MDA, TG, LDL and TC/HDL by 11.16%, 52.38%, 16.74%, 13.39% and 13.11%, respectively, in healthy volunteers. Diabetic patients consuming sweetener showed increased levels of FSG, ceruloplasmin and MDA by 17.51%, 13.17% and 8.92%, respectively. Diabetic patients showed a positive correlation between the number of tablets consumed per day with FSG (r= 0.217, p=0.042) and serum creatinine (r= 0.267, p= 0.012). A positive correlation was found between the duration of sweetener consumption and FSG (r= 0.22, p=0.04) as well as TG (r= 0.262, p= 0.014). Conclusion: consumption of saccharin and cyclamate affected biochemical parameters related to metabolic function in a time and dose dependent manner and appear to increase oxidative stress in healthy and diabetic type 2 patients.