Abstract
Background: There is concern about the potential effect of social distancing and border closing used to control coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the incidence of pathologies like acute cardiomyopathy.Methods: We examined the association between lockdown and number of intubation or death in a country that successfully implemented a Zero-COVID policy, New Caledonia. All patients hospitalised with a positive troponin sample were included in our study. Traumatic injuries, non-resident, cardiac surgery, COVID-19 myocardiopathy and unadmitted patients were excluded. Study period lasted for two months (lockdown and border closing) and was compared to the same period of the three previous years. The primary event was a composite of intubation or death. We compared the outcome of patients included in our study period to the precedent years using a multivariable analysis with an inverse-probability-weighted according to propensity score.Findings: Among the 1223 patients included, 267 were hospitalized in 2020 versus 957 in the controlled period (mean value of 325 patients over the two months: -18%). Overall, 226 patients (18·5%) had a primary outcome (151 died and 141 required mechanical ventilation). Age, comorbidities, and urbanicity varied in 2020. The primary analysis included an inverse-probability-weighted method that did not find difference using adjusted statistics in the occurrence of the primary outcome (hazard ratio: 1·14; 95% CI from 0·6 to 2·18). No significant differences were observed in Intensive Care Unit population during the same studied period.Interpretation: In our context, a COVID-19 elimination strategy was not associated with impaired outcome in hospitalized patient with an acute cardiomyopathy.Funding: Institutional fundingDeclaration of Interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interestsEthical Approval: This study was approved by the institutional ethical board (identification number 2020-001).
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