Abstract
Labour migration is one of the most important socioeconomic development indicators. The problem of a steady decline in the working-age population size has changed a role of migration that has an active impact on the human potential development. With the help of an empirical example from the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), this research paper presents specifics of labour migration. A review of literary sources points out to an ambiguous impact of a number of factors on dynamics of migration flows, employment, and unemployment. Correlation-regression modelling of migration processes for the EEU in various configurations has resulted with the following. First, a revealed direct relationship between a natural growth (decline) in the population, a number of vacant jobs and the population migration indicator. Second, researchers have established an inverse dependence between GDP per capita, consumer price index, minimum wage, unemployment rate, and population migration indicator. Thirdly, they have shown that a direction of migrant flows depends on such factors, as GDP per capita, number of vacant jobs and minimum wage. Results of the analysis show that an increasing difference between an average wage in the region and across the EEU, and minimum standard of living leads to decreasing numbers of migrants from a particular region of the EEU. In the EEU, for the population main reasons for employment abroad include unemployment in rural areas, no regular income, and lower wages compared to neighbouring countries. The discussion explains an essence of contradictory consequences of the labour migration impact on a development of national economic systems in terms of the completed academic and empirical research. In this regard, it is reasonable to consider labour migration as a global economic phenomenon and this needs further research in terms of factors that influence it.
Highlights
The process of globalization has had an objective and, at the same time, contradictory nature
With considerations of the Eurasian Economic Union as a promising macro region it is possible to conclude with confidence that employment opportunities between associated countries are still limited
It is possible to refer to strengthening migration processes in Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) countries
Summary
The process of globalization has had an objective and, at the same time, contradictory nature It relies upon modified functions of international trade, economy development with a network structure and developed outsourcing relationships, an emergence of the global labour market with internationalized workers In the formal sector of the EEU, employment often does not meet requirements for labour force reproduction Under such the circumstances, labour migration remains a priority to ensure an acceptable standard of living for a large part of the employable population. Therein, active processes of external migration in the EEU show a clear need for a detailed research of this phenomenon
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