Abstract
The study involved the relationship among two irrigation methods; Subsurface Buried Diffuser (SBD) and Conventional Drip irrigation (DI) and their impact on the survival of healthy tomato plant . Tomato plant irrigated with SBD and DI methods were subjected to survey of root or shoot systems fungal diseases and infected vs. healthy Tomato plant survival incidence percentage were recorded. Surveyed tomato plant showing, root rot and wilt symptoms were subjected to isolation trails for the purpose of isolation of the causal organisms. Rhizospheric samples of different healthy and diseased plants were collected at flowering growth stage for determining the frequency occurrence of different fungi associated with the root region of healthy and infected roots of tomato plants under both irrigation methods. It was observed that the Tomato plants irrigated under DI method were more prone to fungal infection than that of SBD method. Pathogenic fungi that contributed in reducing the survival of tomato plant were high in rhizospheric soil irrigated with DI irrigation Method as compared to SBD irrigation method. The root fungal pathogens isolated from rhizospheric soil were Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus spp., and Pythium spp., which recorded in high frequency comparing with other microorganisms. The genus Fusarium represented in highest records followed by the genus Rhizoctonia and Pythium respectively at all assayed samples.
Highlights
Soil microorganisms play vital roles in the soil ecosystem, dominating the cycling of nutrients, the decomposition of organic matter and the maintenance of soil fertility(Wang et al, 2008)
Data presented in Table (1) clearly shows that the Buried Diffuser Irrigation Method has a lower incidence of root rot and wilt disease as compared with Drip Irrigation
Concerning in the year 2017/2018, the results were at the same frequency as the first season, whereas Subsurface Buried Diffuser (SBD) was found to be better than Drip irrigation (DI) with a slight difference in root rot and wilt disease
Summary
Soil microorganisms play vital roles in the soil ecosystem, dominating the cycling of nutrients, the decomposition of organic matter and the maintenance of soil fertility(Wang et al, 2008). Microorganisms respond rapidly to the changes in their environment and following disturbance, changes in soil condition are expected to affect the activity, structure and function of the microbial community. Biological properties of soil have been proposed as early and sensitivity indicators of soil ecological stress or other environment change (Jiang et al, 2012). The total microbial abundance is a basic indicator of soil quality. Soil structure and fertility loss are one of the main causes of soil degradation. They are considered as a major threat to crop production and food security for future generations
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