Impact of Intellectual Capital Components on Bank Performance: An Evidence from Bangladesh

Abstract

This investigation aims to reveal how the profitability of local private commercial banks in Bangladesh is affected by their intellectual capital determinants. Secondary sources like annual reports of 10 private conventional commercial banks in Bangladesh were used to get data from 2008 to 2020. This paper uses econometric modeling techniques to examine the relationship between the profitability measures of NIM ratio, ROA, and ROE of the selected private commercial banks and a number of relevant components of intellectual capital of banks such as human capital efficiency, structural capital efficiency and Bank’s relative efficiency along with some bank-specific control variables including income diversification, bank size, bank age, insolvency risks, leverage ratio and market share.Dynamic panel data models were then built using one-step system GMMtechniques to account for endogeneity, unobserved heterogeneity, and profitability persistence of the data set across the chosen time period. This study hasfound that intellectual capital along with leverage ratio, revenue diversification, bank age, bankruptcy risks, and market share are statistically significant to demonstrate differences in NIM, ROA, and ROE measuring profitability of our sampled banks. The one-step system GMM approach has effectively adapted the dynamic effects of intellectual capital on bank profitability, taking into consideration all estimate conditions. A more accurate evaluation of intellectual capital’s effect on the banking industry’s profitability may be obtained in a future research encompassing all banks in Bangladesh.