Impact of industrial effluents and simulated acid rain on growth, productivity and metal contamination in mungbean (Vigna radiate L.)

Saba Nazir

doi:10.19045/bspab.2019.80132

Abstract

Environmental pollution poses a great health hazard to human beings, animals and plants. Industrial effluents and acid rain are the major pollutants that have a strong influence on the growth of crop plants. A pot trial was conducted to investigate the influence of industrial effluents and simulated acid rain (SAR) on the growth, productivity, biochemical and quality attributes of mungbean crop. The experiment was comprised of various treatments i.e. T0 = Control; T1 = industrial effluents (25%) + distilled water (DW) (75%); T2 = industrial effluents (50%) + DW (50%); T3 = industrial effluents (75%) + DW (25%); T4 = pure industrial effluents (100%) and T5 = acid rain (HCl at pH 3.5). Results revealed that maximum increase in chlorophyll contents (12.88%), pods per plant (27.90%), nodules per plant (34.78%), number of grains per pods (33.33%), 1000-seeds weight (8.53%) and seed yield (47.65%) was observed in T2 as compared to control. Significant increase in the grain metals contents was observed in the T4. However, application of SAR significantly decreases chlorophyll contents (14.11%), pods per plant (30.23%), nodules per plant (47.82%), number of grains per pods (33.33%), 1000-seeds weight (7.01%) and seed yield (51.40%) as compared to control. In crux, simulated acid rain and pure form of industrial effluents have toxic effect on the growth, yield and quality of mungbean. The adequate dilution of effluents treatment is therefore needed before the disposal and reuse of wastewaters for irrigation purposes. Keywords: Acid rain; Growth; Industrial effluents; Mungbean http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2019.80132

Highlights

Industrial effluents and acid rain are the major pollutants that have a strong influence on the growth of crop plants
Maximum grain Cr (8.70 ppm), Ni (8.12 ppm), Cu (7.22 ppm) and Zn (7.98 ppm) contents were observed in T4, where pure industrial effluents (100%) was applied followed by T3 and T4 while minimum grain Cr (0.89 ppm), Ni (1.08 ppm), Cu (1.03 ppm) and Zn (2.07 ppm) contents were observed in T5 where exogenous application of simulated acid rain (HCl at pH 3.5) was applied in comparison with control (Figure 3)
It is obvious that all the industrial effluents at various levels and simulated acid rain treatments significantly affected biomass of leaves, stem and plant (Table 2 & 3)

Summary

Introduction energy of any type used today has a dual

Since the establishment of civilization human effect, made our lives easier and on the other beings used a different type of natural energy side their obligatory causes have harmful for their beneficial purposes. One of the essential crops that gained interest due to its medical importance and nutritional status is the mungbean [12]. It is cultivated in the different regions of the Asia, including India, China, Thailand, Pakistan, Philippines, and Indonesia. Very less information is known about the effect of industrial effluents and acid rain on growth, yield and quality attributes of the mungbean. The present investigation was directed to observe the reaction of industrial effluent at different concentrations and SAR on the growth, productivity, biochemical and quality of mungbean. The total pots were 18 (6 industrial effluents and simulated acid rain treatments × 3 replicates). For the comparison of treatments means, oneway ANOVA and the least significance difference (LSD) test at 5% probability was applied

Results

Experimental Treatments

Conclusion