Abstract
ABSTRACT.Aging, hypertension (HTN), and other cardiovascular risk factors contribute to structural and functional changes of the arterial wall.Objective:To evaluate whether arterial stiffness (AS) is related to cerebral blood flow changes and its association with cognitive function in patients with hypertension.Methods:211 patients (69 normotensive and 142 hypertensive) were included. Patients with hypertension were divided into 2 stages: HTN stage-1 and HTN stage-2. The mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and a battery of neuropsychological (NPE) tests were used to determine cognitive function. Pulse wave velocity was measured using the Complior®. Carotid properties were assessed by radiofrequency ultrasound. Central arterial pressure and augmentation index were obtained using applanation tonometry. Middle cerebral artery flow velocity was measured by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography.Results:Both arterial stiffness parameters and cerebral vasoreactivity worsened in line with HTN severity. There was a negative correlation between breath holding index (BHI) and arterial stiffness parameters. Cognitive performance worsened in line with HTN severity, with statistical difference occurring mainly between the HTN-2 and normotension groups on both the MMSE and MoCA. The same tendency was observed on the NPE tests.Conclusion:Hypertension severity was associated with higher AS, worse BHI, and lower cognitive performance.
Highlights
As the world population ages, various conditions of aging, including mild cognitive impairment and dementia, are becoming increasingly prevalent and demand our immediate attention to curtail a looming epidemic.[1]
This study aimed to evaluate arterial stiffness (AS) and breath holding index (BHI) in a healthy population compared against patients with hypertension of different levels of severity
The main finding of this study was that the patients with severe hypertension had higher arterial stiffness, lower breath-holding index, and lower cognitive performance
Summary
As the world population ages, various conditions of aging, including mild cognitive impairment and dementia, are becoming increasingly prevalent and demand our immediate attention to curtail a looming epidemic.[1]. We aimed to investigate whether arterial stiffness, as measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and augmentation index, is related to the presence of cerebral blood flow changes. We explored these associations with cognitive function in patients with different levels of hypertension compared against healthy controls
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