Abstract
Several sensitive low-abundance urine protein biomarkers have emerged for the diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI)2, but preanalytical factors can negatively impact the accuracy of biomarker testing. In this study, we observed the effect of a hydrophobic nonspecific binding (HNB) inhibitor (ovalbumin) and protease inhibitors on the recovery of urine AKI biomarkers. The following 5 proteins were investigated: kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and retinol binding protein-4 (RBP-4), sandwich ELISA (RD β2-microglobulin (B2M; Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics), automated ligand-binding immunoassay (Immulite 2000); α1-microglobulin (A1M; Kamiya Biomedical), automated immunoturbidimetric assay (Roche Modular P); and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG; Roche …
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