Impact of hybrid nanoparticles on heat and mass transfer in the presence of movement of motile gyrotactic microorganisms

Abstract

Mathematical models using conservation laws of mass, momentum, energy, solute, and motile microorganisms are developed and modeled equations are transformed into their dimensionless forms. These dimensionless forms are solved for their numerical solutions to investigate the role of key factors on the transport of motile microorganisms. The results are checked to be meshed free and convergent. The results for special case are validated. Bioconvection Lewis number has shown a decreasing behavior on the concentration of motile gyrotactic microorganisms. The bioconvection curvature parameter has similar impact on the concentration field of motile gyrotactic microorganisms. All the related parameters have stronger impact on the concentration of motile gyrotactic microorganisms in methanol than that on the concentration of motile gyrotactic microorganisms in methanol. Joule heating effects are responsible for the increase of temperature in methanol and methanol. It is also found that Ohmic dissipation (Joule heating) in methanol is greater than that in methanol.