Abstract
The impact of human projects on storm surge hazard in the Yangtze Estuary is studied numerically. The numerical model is based on the shallow water equations, which includes the turbulence effect, bottom friction, and runoff of rivers. The Holland model is used to generate the wind field and pressure field of the typhoon Winnie (9711), which has caused huge hazards to the Yangtze Estuary. A good comparison of typhoon speed and storm surge with measured data indicates the numerical model is acceptable. The water level induced by the typhoon could be up to 4.0 m. The superposition of high tide and storm surge has aggravated the hazard. The maximum setup could reach or exceed 1.5 m. To analyze the impact of human projects, the origin bathymetry and that with several human projects are used to implement the simulation respectively. The numerical results show that the human projects have gentle impact on the effects of the storm surge on coastal regions in terms of tide and setup. The extreme storm surge inundation risk around Pudong International Airport are presented including of relative sea-level rise +0 m, +0.3 m, and 0.7 m.
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