IMPACT OF HEAVY METALS POLLUTION ON HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS IN KIDNEY AND LIVER OF NILE TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS( INHABITING EL-RAHAWY DRAIN

Abstract

This study was performed to evaluate agricultural and industrial wastes water with respect to the potentially some toxic metals on histopathological alterations in kidney and liver of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from El-Rahawy drain at different seasons. Samples of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were collected seasonally (12 fish / season) from each site. Fish total length and total weight were from 13.5 to 26.1 cm and from 50 to 315 g, respectively The present results indicated that, the heavy metals due to pollution, increased in tissue of fish caught from the drain. The distribution of heavy metals (Iron , Manganese , zinc , lead and copper) concentrations in water were estimated during four successive seasons were found to be , Fe (0.680 , 0.626 , 0.380 , 0.395 mg /L ) , Mn (0.214 , 0.173 , 0.112 , 0.214 mg /L) , Zn (0.138 , 0.120 , 0.107 , 0.108 ) , Pb ( 0.041 , 0.054 , 0.050 , 0.049 mg /L ) and Cu (0.006 , 0.010 , 0.009 , 0.007 mg /L ), respectively. It was found that, the heavy metals were accumulated in the studied fish muscle by various levels. The concen tration of the tested metals in fish muscle of (edible parts) followed a sequence of Fe > Zn > Mn>Cu> Pb. Also, the results showed that, elevation in studied heavy metals concentrations caused histological alterations in collected fish. These alterations including: hemorhage, degeneration, hemosiderin and oedema in hematopiotic tissue, also observed necrosis in renal tubule and glomerulus of the kidney while showed marked histopathological changes in the liver of studied fish revealed hemolysis and hemosiderin in blood vessel. It was concluded that, agricultural, industrial and domestic wastes histopathological alterations were observed in the kidney and liver of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) collected from El-Rahawy drain.