Abstract
Impact of Heating Systems on Air and Litter Quality in Broiler Houses, Performance, Behavior, and Immunity in Broiler Chickens
Highlights
The creation of special microclimatic conditions inside broiler farms represents a dynamic continuous process depending on the macroclimatic conditions including air maximum and minimum temperatures and relative humidity
Ammonia concentration overall means revealed highly significant declines (P < 0.01) in the portable air conditioner, oil, and halogen compared to the gas-operated heating system with no significant differences between the portable air conditioner and oil systems
The overall means among broilers age revealed highly significant increases (P < 0.01) of carbon dioxide and ammonia gases as birds precede in age
Summary
The creation of special microclimatic conditions inside broiler farms represents a dynamic continuous process depending on the macroclimatic conditions including air maximum and minimum temperatures and relative humidity. The broiler’s industry in developing countries and for many years was depending on a direct heating system using gas-operated torch and gas burners that directed heat onto broilers to maintain thermal requirements, especially in the first two to three weeks of age. These gas burners contributed to an increase in carbon dioxide concentrations, high moisture percentage of litter, and indirect elevations of ammonia gas concentration inside broiler’s houses (Smith et al, 2016). The most prominent disadvantages facing these types of heating systems were the cost and greenhouse gas emission (Ball et al, 2016)
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