Abstract
The objective of our work is to verify the impact of the improvement of health conditions and literacy on economic growth in Morocco during the period between 1980 and 2018. We based ourselves on the work of (Mankiw et al., 1992), in which they studied the impact of human capital on economic growth by integrating it as a component in the Solow model. The data we have used mainly comes from the High Commission for Planning and the World Bank. The observation that we have made is that the composite health and literacy index that we have developed has no significant impact on the growth of GDP per capita in Morocco during the period studied, which means that the literate and healthy work force does not have the expected effect on economic growth in Morocco. Thus, to be able to take advantage of its qualified and educated workforce, we suggest that the Moroccan authorities should encourage investments in sectors of activity that require this kind of workforce, because the study of the current market situation of employment in Morocco has shown that the agricultural sector and the informal sector have a significant share in the national GDP, but recruit an illiterate or low-skilled workforce.
Highlights
Discussions of the importance of human capital on the process of economic growth are relatively old, according to Smith (1795) "training in all its forms improves productivity and contributes to economic progress".The theory of human capital appeared in the sixties following the theoretical works of Mincer (1958, 1974), Becker (1962) and Schultz (1961) who tried to study the impact of education on individuals and the economies of the countries
To verify the relationship between human capital, in its dimensions of health and education, with economic growth in Morocco during the period between 1982 and 2018, we will base ourselves on the work of Mankiw et al (1992), in which they studied the impact of human capital on economic growth by integrating it as a component in the Solow model, they propose a Cobb-Douglas type production function as follows: Y(t) = K(t)αH(t)β(A(t)L(t))1−α−β
7 known in Morocco as «Assurance Maladie Obligatoire (AMO) » 8 known in Morocco as «Caisse Nationale des Organismes de Prévoyance Sociale (CNOPS) » 9 known in Morocco as «Caisse Nationale de SécuritéSociale (CNSS) » 10 known in Morocco as « Régime d‟Assistance Médicale (RAMed) »
Summary
The theory of human capital appeared in the sixties following the theoretical works of Mincer (1958, 1974), Becker (1962) and Schultz (1961) who tried to study the impact of education on individuals and the economies of the countries. This theory considered education expenditure as an investment which one sought to understand the impact on economic growth, this expenditure was considered as an efficiency factor which raised productivity and determined the level and distribution of individual gains. The reduction in the mortality rate and the increase in the life expectancy of the population encourage people to save more for their retirement, which leads to an increase in investments and the level of physical capital per worker
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