Impact of Hairdin, Miro Khan and Shahdad Kot Drainage on Hamal Dhand, Sindh

A A Mahessar,S Qureshi,A L Qureshi,F A Shaikh,S F Shah,A N Laghari

doi:10.48084/etasr.2389

Abstract

Safe drinking water is a basic need. Surface water bodies are the primary source of safe water. Drain water, industries, urban/rural effluents, and waste materials are often disposed into surface water bodies without any treatment. All major water bodies of Sindh province are thus more or less polluted. These water bodies are interconnected with the Indus River like the artery system for blood circulation in bodies of living things. The main source of contamination of Hamal Lake is the disposal of the effluents of Hairdin drain, Miro Khan drain, and Shahdad Kot drain. This lake’s main source of fresh water is rained from Khirthar mountains. Hamal lake is connected through the Main Nara Valley drain (MNVD) to Manchar lake that eventually outfalls into Indus River. Hence, drain water pollutes not only Hamal and Manchar lakes but also Indus River due to their interconnection. Presently, right bank outfall drains (RBOD I-III) have been constructed for safe disposal of drain effluents thus avoiding the polluting of freshwater bodies.

Highlights

Wetlands areas contain unique land cover classes
Two locations were selected at Shadadkot, and Miro Khan Drains outfall into Hamal Lake (Figure 2)
These samples were collected in polyethylene bottles and sent to the Water Analyzing Laboratory of Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources (PCRWR)

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Wetlands areas contain unique land cover classes. They are some of the most diverse ecosystems in the world [1]. Mahessar et al: Impact of Hairdin, Miro Khan and Shahdad Kot Drainage on Hamal Dhand, Sindh and the qualitative and quantitative study of species present in lakes is essential, especially for the development and improvement of natural resources [14]. It is shown by the physic chemical parameter tests that the algal flora of Main Nara Valley Drain (MNVD) made its way in to the Manchar Lake, District Dadu, Sindh. Sample 5: Badram lake, near the fishermen’s village. Sample 6: Upstream of Regulator MNVD. Sample 7: Downstream of the Regulator of MNVD

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Adverse Impact on the Ecosystem of the Lake

CONCLUSIONS