Abstract
Grid constraints have a strong influence on the results of energy system optimization models. Since energy system optimization is a problem of high complexity and data e.g. power production potential is not necessarily available for all grid nodes grid reduction is one method to overcome both. It reduces the computational burden and it may fit grid structure to given data.. This paper addresses the influence of grid reduction on line usage rates. Line usage rates are indicators to determine necessary investments for grid reinforcement. Three reduction methodologies, preserving original grid parameters, hence allowing to calculate which line of the original grid needs to be upgraded, are tested. Statistical error measures show that those reduction methodologies lead to high errors for usage rate calculation, due to the influence of the intra-zonal network. The high error rates could be reasoned and approaches were identified which might overcome them.
Highlights
Due to the “Energiewende” in Germany an increased use of distributed generation systems will lead to challenging power flow scenarios in the existing grid, which was optimized for a centrally dominated structure
This paper addresses the influence of grid reduction on line usage rates
Since in the end grid reinforcement is done for the maximal usage, this method shows the most important difference for grid reinforcement decisions, but it gives no information on quality of grid representation
Summary
Due to the “Energiewende” in Germany an increased use of distributed generation systems will lead to challenging power flow scenarios in the existing grid, which was (initially) optimized for a centrally dominated structure. The need for grid transformation has to be evaluated, analysed and optimized to obtain cost-effective solutions. Due to the complexity of such systems, the simplification of high-dimensioned grid and power flow models is necessary to ensure time-efficient overall optimization processing. This paper evaluates the effect of spatial grid reduction on power flows. A full transmission grid model is calculated. The base case is taken as reference for the comparison of three different grid reduction methodologies. Grid calculation is based on a DC load flow approach. Goals of grid reduction can be summarized as done by [2]: the reduced model should reproduce the physical nature of the power system to be replaced as close as possible the equivalent should be flexible enough to handle power system status changes and to be used in a wide range of applications
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