Abstract
The concept of a farmer producer company (FPC) has emerged as an inclusive concept to address the issues of farmers, especially, small, and marginal farmers. The present study is to examine the impact of farmer producer companies on small and marginal farmers. 150 small and marginal farmers were chosen through multi-stage stratified random sampling in the Osmanabad district of Maharashtra state, India to assess the impact. It was found that the farmers organized under FPCs in the study area are not getting adequate support from the FPCs. It was also found that services provided by FPCs like marketing, value addition, technological services and pre-harvest services were satisfactory, while agricultural advisory services, capacity building and credit access services were poor. A model ACITM (Agriculture Advisory, Capacity Building, Technological and Marketing Services) is suggested to be executed by the FPCDN (Farmer Producer Companies Development Network) – a development network consortium for addressing FPCs problems and strengthening the FPCs.
Highlights
In the urban environment there is a significant transformation of various components of the landscape, which worsens the modes of existence of biotic components of ecosystems and human living conditions
The relationship between yield parameters and landscape-ecological diversity is non-linear, which determines the presence of optimal diversity of natural protected areas for the highest potato yields
The maximum concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) was 7.30 mg/l in the water collected from TW22, whereas the minimum concentration was found 3.95 mg/l in TW15 belonging to ward-2
Summary
In the urban environment there is a significant transformation of various components of the landscape, which worsens the modes of existence of biotic components of ecosystems and human living conditions. Functional efficiency of forest plantations in urban environment depends on sustainability and diversity of ecosystems formed within them. The growth of population and the expansion of built-up areas caused by urbanization can have a significant impact on the supply and distribution of critical ecosystem services. Soil invertebrates in urban environments are taxonomically and functionally diverse. This is contributed to by the specific features of the soil as a habitat.
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