Impact of Family Type and Family Quality on Child Behavior Problems: A Longitudinal Study

Abstract

In the context of substantial changes in family types and even family quality in recent times, this study is concerned with the extent to which family type and quality impacts on child behavior problems. A sample of 8,556 pregnant women were enrolled in a prospective, longitudinal study. Details of changes in family type and family quality (assessed using Spanier Dyadic Adjustment Scale) were used to predict three second-order syndromes developed from the Child Behavior Checklist and administered to the mothers when the child was 5 years of age. Mothers who experienced no partner changes (married and single) reported the lowest rates of child behavior problems for the three syndromes used in this study. In addition, mothers who more often described their relationship with their partner as poor also reported the highest rate of child behavior problems across all three syndromes. Adjustment for possible confounders did not alter these findings. Both changes of partner and dyadic conflict appear to lead to child behavior problems, with the latter factor appearing to have a greater impact than the former. Mothers who experienced no partner changes and no conflict appeared to have children with the fewest behavior problems.