Abstract
BackgroundThe influence of family history on oncological outcomes of prostate cancer remains controversial. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to investigate the impact of family history of localized prostate cancer on oncological outcomes.MethodsOn May 2020, we systematically searched MEDLINE, the Cochrane library, and Scopus for studies that compared patients who had localized prostate cancer with or without a positive family history of prostate cancer. Our aim was to evaluate the association of family history with biochemical recurrence-free survival, cancer-specific survival, and overall survival by means of a multivariate Cox regression analysis.ResultsEleven studies with 39,716 patients were included in the systematic review, and eight studies with 33,027 patients for the meta-analysis. A positive family history was not associated with worse biochemical recurrence-free survival (pooled HR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.79–1.17) or cancer-specific survival (pooled HR: 1.1; 95% CI: 0.52–2.35). Subgroup analyses showed no association between positive family history and poor biochemical recurrence-free survival in prostate cancer patients treated with radical prostatectomy (pooled HR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.76–1.31) or radiation therapy (pooled HR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.67–1.30).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis indicated that family history of prostate cancer does not increase the risk of biochemical recurrence or cancer-specific mortality in localized prostate cancer patients.
Highlights
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent male cancer in worldwide [1], and a family history of PCa is a well-known risk factor for the development of this disease
We assessed the risk-of-bias of the included studies according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions for including non-randomized studies [22]
To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the impact of family history on oncological outcomes in localized PCa
Summary
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent male cancer in worldwide [1], and a family history of PCa is a well-known risk factor for the development of this disease. The individual relative risk of a PCa diagnosis is doubled in first-degree male relatives of PCa patients [2], and 10–20% of PCa patients are reported to have a positive family history among their first-degree relatives [3]. The influence of family history on oncological outcomes of prostate cancer remains controversial. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to investigate the impact of family history of localized prostate cancer on oncological outcomes. Methods On May 2020, we systematically searched MEDLINE, the Cochrane library, and Scopus for studies that compared patients who had localized prostate cancer with or without a positive family history of prostate cancer. Our aim was to evaluate the association of family history with biochemical recurrence-free survival, cancer-specific survival, and overall survival by means of a multivariate Cox regression analysis
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