Abstract
The tumour microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in cancer development, progression, and metastasis. Various cytokines are present in the TME in oesophageal cancer. Oesophageal stricture is a major complication of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for oesophageal cancer, and inflammatory cytokines are closely related to its pathogenesis. However, the cytokine crosstalk involved in the oesophageal cancer TME and post-ESD stricture has not been fully elucidated. This study investigated the comprehensive cytokine dynamics following ESD in patients with oesophageal cancer. In addition, the effect of a novel preventive technique for post-ESD stricture, autologous cell sheet engraftment, on cytokine levels was evaluated. Various pro-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic cytokines were elevated in patients with oesophageal cancer, and ESD transiently influenced cytokine concentrations. IL-1β and TNF-α, two major pro-inflammatory cytokines that induce oesophageal stricture, were significantly suppressed by cell sheet engraftment. In conclusion, this study revealed the distinct cytokine dynamics after ESD in patients with oesophageal cancer, together with the effect of autologous cell sheet engraftment on cytokine fluctuation. These results can accelerate research on the TME and therapeutic strategies for oesophageal cancer.
Highlights
The tumour microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in cancer development, progression, and metastasis
We comprehensively investigated systemic cytokine levels in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, as well as the influence of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) on systemic cytokine levels
Various pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations were elevated in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and ESD affected the levels of some cytokines in the acute phase, followed by recursion in the chronic phase
Summary
The tumour microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in cancer development, progression, and metastasis. Oesophageal stricture is a major complication of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for oesophageal cancer, and inflammatory cytokines are closely related to its pathogenesis. The effect of a novel preventive technique for post-ESD stricture, autologous cell sheet engraftment, on cytokine levels was evaluated. IL-1β and TNF-α, two major pro-inflammatory cytokines that induce oesophageal stricture, were significantly suppressed by cell sheet engraftment. This study revealed the distinct cytokine dynamics after ESD in patients with oesophageal cancer, together with the effect of autologous cell sheet engraftment on cytokine fluctuation. These results can accelerate research on the TME and therapeutic strategies for oesophageal cancer. We recently demonstrated that tissue-engineered autologous oral mucosal epithelial cell sheets could be transplanted without significant complications after E SD8
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