Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of methyl jasmonate and ethephon on cotton against Fusarium wilt. As well, cotton plants were treated in the field by methyl jasmonate (MeJA), ethephon (ETH) and the association of methyl jasmonate and ethephon (MeJA + ETH) and inoculated by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Vasinfectum (FOV). The incidence of the disease caused by FOV was evaluated every 10 days up to the 150th day after inoculation. The protection afforded to cotton following treatment by stimulators was assessed by determining the mortality rate of plants treated and inoculated FOV compared with untreated and inoculated controls. The degree of protection of cotton from Fusarium wilt was also determined through growth parameters, foliar pigment content (Chlorophylls and carotenoids) and an evaluation of the rate of lines. The results showed better protection of the cotton plants treated by the stimulators and inoculated by FOV through an increase in the number of healthy leaves, stem height, and stem diameter. This protection was also confirmed by an increase in photosynthetic activity of plants and a reinforcement of cell walls. The combination of these two molecules (MeJA + ETH) was better to induce this resistance against FOV compared to each of the two taken separately. The use of natural defence stimulators (SDN) is therefore an effective means of protecting cotton from FOV. Their application in the agricultural environment could contribute to the development of a well-reasoned, sustainable agriculture that is more respectful of the environment and human health.
Highlights
Cotton is a tropical plant belonging to the genus Gossypium, of which four species are currently cultivated
These characteristics indicate the presence of Fusarium oxysporum
The cotton plants inoculated with 50 μL of spore suspension showed symptoms of wilting, they remained alive
Summary
Cotton is a tropical plant belonging to the genus Gossypium, of which four species are currently cultivated. Cotton represents a considerable economic and social importance in Africa It constitutes 7 % of agricultural exports in Côte d'Ivoire and contributes to 1.7 % of the annual gross domestic product. Cotton is the fourth most important export product after cocoa, rubber and cashew and generates about 100 billion CFA franc currency in Côte d'Ivoire (Coulibaly, 2014). It provides substantial income for this purpose to the peasant masses in the central and northern parts of the country which are the main cotton regions. It invades the interior of the plant and blocks the vessels where
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