Impact of Elevated per Cent Carbohydrate-deficient Transferrin at Hospital Admission on Outcomes in Trauma Patients

Abstract

Chronic alcohol consumption has been linked to increased morbidity and mortality in the intensive care unit setting. The purpose of our study was to assess outcomes in trauma patients admitted to our institutional university-affiliated, Level I emergency trauma unit (ETU) with and without per cent carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (%CDT) elevations over a 12-week timeframe. Markers for alcohol consumption including %CDT, gamma glutamyl transferase, and serum osmolality were measured along with the standard trauma laboratory panel on arrival to the ETU. Intensive care unit length of stay (LOS), length of time requiring ventilator support, hospital LOS, total hospital charges as well as incidences of postoperative complications were collected on all patients with a LOS greater than or equal to 48 hours. Demographics between the groups were similar. Drinking histories were more significant in the elevated %CDT group (P = 0.0006). Patients with elevated %CDT had significantly longer ICU and hospital LOS (5.1 vs. 3.9, P = 0.01; 8.7 vs. 7.1 days, P = 0.0052) and ventilator days (2 vs. 1.5 days, P = 0.0286). Complications and hospital charges were similar between groups. Trauma patients presenting to the ETU with %CDT elevations appear to be at risk for longer ICU and hospital LOS.