Impact of Drusen Volume on Quantitative Fundus Autofluorescence in Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Abstract

Drusen volume (DV) and quantitative autofluorescence (qAF) are potential indicators of progression in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This prospective and observational study examined the association between DV and qAF of the retinal pigment epithelium. Eighty-eight eyes of 52 patients with early and intermediate AMD were included. The mean follow-up was 9.2 ± 5.6 months, resulting in 312 examinations. DV was extracted from 6 × 6-mm spectral-domain optical coherence tomography scans. qAF was measured using a rotated Delori pattern. The associations between qAF and DV, age, sex, and lens status were investigated using linear mixed models. Patients' mean age was 75.6 ± 5.0 years (range, 61.0-83.4 years). Sixty-eight eyes (77.3%) were from females. No significant association between DV and qAF was found, neither within the total outer Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grid nor for ETDRS segments six to nine (all P > 0.05). Sex and lens status were not associated with qAF (P = 0.429 and P = 0.213, respectively). A significant association between age and qAF (P = 0.025) was found, indicating a decrease of qAF with age. Quantification of DV and fundus autofluorescence did not reveal any correlation in early and intermediate AMD. qAF decreased with age, whereas DV increased in about half of the patients. This finding is a quantitative corroboration that fundus autofluorescence and the buildup of drusen are not correlated processes in AMD.