Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the drug loading method on drug release from 3D-printed tablets. Filaments comprising a poorly water-soluble model drug, indomethacin (IND), and a polymer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), were prepared by hot-melt extrusion (HME) and compared with IND-loaded filaments prepared with an impregnation (IMP) process. The 3D-printed tablets were fabricated using a fused deposition modeling 3D printer. The filaments and 3D printed tablets were evaluated for their physicochemical properties, swelling and matrix erosion behaviors, drug content, and drug release. Physicochemical investigations revealed no drug–excipient interaction or degradation. IND-loaded PVA filaments produced by IMP had a low drug content and a rapid drug release. Filaments produced by HME with a lower drug content released the drug faster than those with a higher drug content. The drug content and drug release of 3D-printed tablets containing IND were similar to those of the filament results. Particularly, drug release was faster in 3D-printed tablets produced with filaments with lower drug content (both by IMP and HME). The drug release of 3D-printed tablets produced from HME filaments with higher drug content was extended to 24 h due to a swelling-erosion process. This study confirmed that the drug loading method has a substantial influence on drug content, which in turn has a significant effect on drug release. The results suggest that increasing the drug content in filaments might delay drug release from 3D-printed tablets, which may be used for developing dosage forms suited for personalized medicine.
Highlights
This study was aimed at examining the impact of drug loading methods, hot-melt extrusion (HME) and IND-loaded commercial PVA filaments (IMP), on drug content and drug release from 3D-printed tablets produced by fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing
The IND-loaded polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) filament prepared by the IMP technique for 24 h was bright yellow with a smooth surface
The 3D-printed tablets containing IND made from drug-loaded PVA filaments were fabricated by HME and IMP methods
Summary
There has been a surge in interest in three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, which is described as a procedure for creating objects in which materials are repeatedly deposited layer by layer using a computerized system based on digital information. This technology has been used in a variety of applications, including aerospace [1], automotive [2], medical devices, tissue engineering, and pharmaceuticals [3]. The implementation of 3D printing technology in the pharmaceutical industry has received a lot of attention, and over the last decade, it has evolved into an exciting invention.
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