Abstract
A vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a technology in which moving cars are used as routers (nodes) to establish a reliable mobile communication network among the vehicles. Some of the drawbacks of the routing protocol, Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), associated with VANETs are the end-to-end delay and packet loss. We modified the AODV routing protocols to reduce the number of route request (RREQ) and route reply (RREP) messages by adding direction parameters and two-step filtering. The two-step filtering process reduces the number of RREQ and RREP packets, reduces the packet overhead, and helps to select the stable route. In this study, we show the impact of the direction parameter in reducing the end-to-end delay and the packet loss in AODV. The simulation results show a 1.4% reduction in packet loss, an 11% reduction in the end-to-end delay, and an increase in throughput.
Highlights
Intelligent traffic systems (ITS) and vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are established to permit communication among vehicles to decrease traffic congestion and increase safety
Because of the continuously changing number of nodes and their mobility, the throughput is low in a VANET; and packet loss is high due to connection failure
We modified the Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocols to reduce the number of route request (RREQ) and route reply (RREP) messages by adding direction parameters and two-step filtering
Summary
Intelligent traffic systems (ITS) and vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are established to permit communication among vehicles to decrease traffic congestion and increase safety. A VANET uses moving cars as wireless routers (nodes) to establish a mobile network for communication [1]. The network is created by applying the principles of mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) to build a wireless network for exchanging data spontaneously. In this technology, only the vehicles equipped with wireless transceivers can exchange data with neighboring vehicles to transfer data packets to destinations that are not within direct communication range. Compared to a MANET, a VANET has higher, structured mobility and a broad coverage area. It requires little or no power and has no service fee. Maintaining the quality of service (QoS) is crucial; and routing of the packets is a major challenge, especially when bandwidth is limited [2]
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