IMPACT OF DIFFERENT REVEGETATION TECHNIQUES ON SOIL AND PLANT ATTRIBUTES IN A RIPARIAN ZONE1

João Marcos Pereira Novais,Eliana Freire Gaspar De Carvalho Dores,João Carlos De Souza Maia,Fabrício Tomaz Ramos

doi:10.1590/1983-21252020v33n117rc

João Marcos Pereira Novais, Eliana Freire Gaspar De Carvalho Dores + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n117rc

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Abstract

ABSTRACT In 2014, the Upper Paraguay River Basin (UPB) plateau in Brazil maintained only 39.5% of its native vegetation cover, most of which was located in riparian zones that were generally degraded, in legal reserve areas, or in regions without agricultural potential. Due to the lack of practical results in the region, so that farmers could base their projects for the recovery of degraded areas, this work was designed to determine the long-term result of three revegetation techniques and their contributions to soil attributes and vegetative parameters, in the riparian zone of a watershed in the municipality of Campo Verde, located in the UPB. It was found that in only seven years, the technique of distributing a mixture of seeds rich in nitrogen-fixing plant species with washed sand and composted cotton tow, followed by incorporation with light harrowing, favored a rapid establishment of native plants. In this case, the number of species and the floristic diversity was the closest to those of the Tropical Cerrado, i.e., the control. In this technique, Brachiaria brizantha was not dominant , and the mean of total organic carbon storage in the soil (TOCS) was significantly lower, thereby indicating that riparian zones with higher TOCS do not necessarily have greater plant diversity. Therefore, the competition caused by B. brizantha can affect ecological diversity in areas undergoing ecological succession.

Highlights

The São Lourenço River is one of the watercourses that contributes to the formation of the Upper Paraguay River Basin (UPB)
The native vegetation along the riparian zone was minimal in June 2005, with anthropic use occurring along an existing dam in the area (Figure 1D)
Based on the morphological description of the soil profiles, it was found that the horizons analyzed were probably influenced over time by the development of vegetation and by the effect of anthropic action, because the thickness of the soil surface horizon under native vegetation of the Cerrado (Figure 2A) was practically double when compared to the treatments T1, T2 and T3 (Figure 2)

Summary

Introduction

The São Lourenço River is one of the watercourses that contributes to the formation of the Upper Paraguay River Basin (UPB). This basin is divided into the plateau, where the municipality of Campo Verde is located, and the plain, which forms the Pantanal. Riparian zones are important in preventing biodiversity loss by forming ecological corridors (BURKHARD; PETROSILLO; COSTANZA, 2010; ATTANASIO et al, 2012). In this sense, carrying out agricultural activities without ensuring the protection of riparian zones can result in environmental effects that are acute and complex to measure. According to Wantzen et al (2012), it is necessary to promote and discuss, in conjunction with the local rural community, the importance of riparian zone conservation for the environment

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