Impact of Different PRP Centrifugation Speeds on Immunohistochemical Expression of RANK, RANKL and Alkaline Phosphatase in Experimentally Induced Periodontitis

Abstract

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two single centrifugation speeds used in platelet rich plasma (PRP) preparation on the expression of osteoclastogenic markers RANK, RANKL and the osteogenic marker Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in experimentally induced periodontitis in a rat model. Material and Methods: Thirty four adult male Wistar rats, weighing 150-200 g were selected. Four rats for PRP preparation. Ligatures were placed subgingivally around the lower incisors of thirty rats in figure 8 manner. Ligature control was performed daily then after 14 days ligature removal was done and the rats were subsequently divided into 3 equal groups (n=10); group I: control non treated, group II: injected with 0.2ml PRP prepared with 800 rpm, group III: injected with 0.2ml PRP prepared by 3000 rpm. Five rats of each group were sacrificed after 3 and 6 weeks, the specimens were processed, then evaluated using haematoxylin and eosin, RANK, RANKL and ALP. The results were subjected to digital morphometric assessment followed by statistical analysis. Results: Both PRP treated groups showed better alveolar bone regeneration compared to control non treated group especially at the 6th week. Group II had better regenerative capacity compared to group I and III as it showed significant increase in the amount of ALP and significant decrease in the RANK and RANKL osteoclastogenic markers. Conclusion: Local injection of PRP with both tested centrifugation speeds enhanced the regenerative capacity of bone in experimentally induced periodontitis. However, the lower centrifugation speed (800 rpm) have better regenerative effect.