Abstract
Background: In 2010, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP1) issued its first operational definition to diagnose sarcopenia. This was updated in 2019 with a revised sequence of muscle mass and muscle strength (EWGSOP2). The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of these different operational definitions on sarcopenia prevalence in a representative population-based sample. Methods: For each algorithm, the prevalence of sarcopenia-related categories was calculated and related to sociodemographic and lifestyle variables, anthropometric parameters, and laboratory biomarkers. The present analysis used data from the Salus in Apulia Study (Italy, 740 subjects, mean age 75.5 ± 5.9 years, 54% women). Results: The application of the EWGSOP1 adapted algorithm resulted in 85% [95% confidence intervals (CI): 82–88%] non-sarcopenic subjects, 10% (95% CI: 8–12%) pre-sarcopenic subjects, and 5% (95% CI: 3–7%) sarcopenic/severe sarcopenic subjects. The sarcopenia-related categories were inversely related to weight and body mass index (BMI), particularly in overweight/obese subjects, and these categories showed favorable metabolic biomarkers. The EWGSOP2 algorithm yielded 73% (95% CI: 69–76%) non-sarcopenic subjects, 24% (95% CI: 21–27%) probably sarcopenic subjects, and 4% (95% CI: 2–5%) sarcopenic subjects. Conclusions: The present study identified BMI as a potential confounder of the prevalence estimates of sarcopenia-related categories in population-based settings with different EWGSOP operational definitions.
Highlights
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Sarcopenia is a progressive, generalized skeletal muscle disorder involving the combination of loss of muscle mass and loss of muscle function and/or muscle strength, as well as loss of muscle performance [1]
Cutoff points for bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived low muscle mass were not directly suggested by the EWGSOP2 operational definition, which suggested the use of Appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) instead of Skeletal muscle index (SMI) as parameter of low muscle mass. We addressed the latter suggestion by a first analysis with the cutoff points of SMI, as used in the EWGSOP1 algorithm, and a second analysis with
SMI, as a variable based on anthropometry, was correlated with height and weight in both body mass index (BMI)
Summary
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Sarcopenia is a progressive, generalized skeletal muscle disorder involving the combination of loss of muscle mass and loss of muscle function and/or muscle strength, as well as loss of muscle performance [1]. In September 2016, sarcopenia was recognized as a disease entity and assigned an ICD-10-CM (M62.84) code [1] This disorder affects older adults, and the public health burden is substantial, since people over the age of 65 already account for 13% of the global population. In 2010, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP1) issued its first operational definition to diagnose sarcopenia. This was updated in 2019 with a revised sequence of muscle mass and muscle strength (EWGSOP2). Conclusions: The present study identified BMI as a potential confounder of the prevalence estimates of sarcopenia-related categories in population-based settings with different EWGSOP operational definitions
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