Impact of Diabetes Type 2 in Adults on Autonomic Modulation at Rest and in Response to the Active Orthostatic Test

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy Is one of the most common complications ofDiabetes Mellitus Type 2(DM2). Heart rate variability (HRV} Is a noninvasive measure of cardiacautonomicmodulation. Reduced HRVIs an Independent cardiovascula rrisk factor and has beenproposed as amarker of increased risk of mortality.Very few studies have measured ChangesinHRV in DM2 in India.Objectives: To analyze the autonomic modulation responses In DM2 patients by means of HRVindices.Methodology: Across-sectional study of 20 Type 2 Diabetic mellitus from age groups 30-S0 years and age and gender matchenon-diabetic subjects as controls. Subjects satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria and gave written informed consent were randomly invited to takepartin the study. Initial assessment was done for HTN, hyperlipidemia, smoking, cardiovasculardisease, familyH/o DM2, FBS >130 mg/di, Body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m,DM2, duration of disease, andHeart rate.Bloodpressure: measure dmercury sphygmomanometer aftera5-minrest. ElectrocardiogramwasrecordedusingPower Lab• (ADlnstruments). The time domain, frequencydomainvariables,and nonli near parameters was meas ured from ECGusing Lab Chart• software.Results and Conclusion : Time domain Variablesnamely AverageRR, SDRR,SDARR,rMSSDandPNNS0(%) and Frequency domain Variables; High frequency (HF) power, Low frequency(LF) power and Very Lowfrequency (LF)power Non-Linear Variables; S01and SD2 werereuced in patients with diabetes Mellitus compared to normal control but was not statisticallysignificant. One of the reasons couldbesmallsamplesize. Study should be repeated in largesample size.