Impact of Diabetes on the Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Abstract

: This study was designed to evaluate the impact of diabetes on functional capacity, level of physical activity, quality of life, dependency level and mortality risk in patients undergoing primary coronary artery bypass grafting. A total of 30 patients undergoing CABG procedure were assessed pre and postoperatively for their functional capacity by New York Heart Association classification and six-minute walk test, physical activity by Duke activity status index, dependency level by functional independency measurement, mortality risk by Society of thoracic surgeons, EuroSCORE II and CASUS and, quality of life preoperatively by Nottingham Health Profile questionnaire. Patients with a history of ≥10 years of diabetes were compared to the non-diabetics group. On analysis it was observed, that the diabetic group are older (68.67+7.52 years), hypertensive (87%), less obese, and have lesser ejection fraction than the non-diabetics. There was no significant difference between the group’s functional capacity, quality of life and mortality risk, but the diabetic group showed a significantly higher postoperative risk to stroke (p=0.042) and longer hospital stay (p=0.006). Dependency level, functional capacity and total ICU stay was reported to be more affected in the diabetics. Both the groups showed an improved dyspnea and angina after the surgery. The dependency level in diabetics (p=0.00) and non-diabetics (p=0.003) was also observed to decrease significantly with the surgery. The study concluded that diabetes has an impact on the functional capacity, physical activity, angina, dependency level, and total hospital stay in the individuals following bypass surgery.